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J Thai Trad Alt Med Vol. 20 No. 1 Jan-Apr 2022 107

demonstrated several biological activities, stress, and the hemolytic damage in this cell
including antioxidant, antibacterial, and an- is considerably higher when they are exposed
tidiabetic properties of L. leucocephala plant to oxidizing agents. Moreover, in the absence

materials . Furthermore, it exhibits antican- of the enzyme, Heinz bodies result in the
[2-4]
cer on human oral cancer cell lines . production, which can cause intravascular
[5]
Phenolic compounds, in addition to the hemolysis associated with unstable hemo-
flavonoids, found in different parts of Leu- globin . Several studies have described the
[12]
caena were condensed tannins, quercetin antioxidant activities of flavonoids, as free-

and myricetin glycosides, gallocatechin, epi- radical scavengers. Antioxidant agents have
gallocatechin, and epicatechin . Flavonoids been shown to prevent oxidative alterations
[6]
are known to prevent cell damage caused by in G6PD-deficient erythrocytes .
[13]
oxidative stress. They act as antioxidants, Leukemia is hematological disease
anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activities caused by an overproduction of abnormal
[7-8]
(toward human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF- white blood cells. Treatments for leukemia
7), human colon carcinoma (HT29), human include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, tar-
cervical carcinoma (HeLa), and human liver geted therapy, antibiotics, blood transfusion,

carcinoma (HepG2) cell lines in cancer cells and stem cell transplant . Many chemical
[14]
through in vitro experiments . Excessively substances derived from herbs are known to
[9]
high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) be effective anticancer agents in experimental

are detected in almost all types of cancer, sug- models [14-15] . Oxidative stress is known to in-
gesting that ROS play a major role in cancer duce cancer. The regulation of oxidative stress

development . The ROS level were decreased is an important factor in tumor development
[10]
by administering an antioxidant. [11] and responses to anticancer therapies.
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase No study has evaluated the anti-leukemic

(G6PD) deficiency is a genetic abnormality effect and erythrocyte protective effects of L.
that results in an inadequate amount of G6PD leucocephala young leave extract. The pres-

in the blood. G6PD catalyzes the first step in ent study was therefore designed to screen
the pentose phosphate pathway to gener- L. leucocephala young leave extract for its
ate NADPH which is subsequently utilized phytochemical constituents, evaluate antimi-

in processes that reduce oxidative stress in crobial activity, cytotoxicity on leukemic cell
erythrocytes. The cells with reduced levels lines, inhibition of Heinz body formation, its
of G6PD are especially sensitive to oxidative hemolytic effect, and protection of normal and