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ÒÙ. Kojima Y, Tonegawa E, Taniguchi K, Narasaki R, Hasumi K. Ratardation

Abstract
Postprandial Hyperglycemic Control Activity of Morus alba L. Leaf Extract
Kalaya Anulukanapakorn*, Prapai Wongsinkongman*, Bunjong Choawrai*, Thanawat Tongjeen*, Songphol
Phadungpatana*, Yuvadee Mettametha*, Ravadee Butraporn**
*Medicinal Plants Research Institute, **Laboratory Animal Center, Department of Medical Sciences, Ministry of
Public Health, Tiwanont Road, Muang District, Nonthaburi
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease and serious public health problem. It is a major risk factor for
cardiovascular and renal diseases and remains a serious cause of morbidity and mortality. Traditional doc-
tors in various countries use the leaves of Morus alba L. or white mulberry to treat diabetes mellitus. Cur-
rently, it has been reported that Morus alba L. leaf extract could inhibit human and rat intestinal disacchari-
dase. In this study, the water extract (MA-W), 50% ethanolic extract (MA-AE), 95% ethanolic extract (MA-
E) and MA-E fractions [the water-soluble fraction (MAE-F1) and ethanol-soluble fraction (MAE-F2)] were
tested for postprandial hyperglycemic control activity in normal and alloxan-diabetic rats, compared with
chlorpropamide or acabose as a positive control. Orally given MA-W, MA-AE and MA-E could improve the
oral sucrose tolerance of normoglycemic and alloxan-diabetic rats. All extracts exhibited excellent activity at
0.5 and 1 hour after sucrose administration and MA-E showed the highest activity. On the other hand, these
extracts showed no significant effect on the ability to tolerate an external glucose load. A study on postpran-
dial hyperglycemic control action of the MA-E fractions showed that orally given MAE-F1 exhibited signifi-
cant effects on the oral sucrose tolerance of normoglycemic and alloxan-diabetic rats. MAE-F1 at doses of 100
mg/kg and 200 mg/kg demonstrated postprandial blood sugar control activity approximately equal to that of
acabose at the dose of 4 mg/kg in normal and alloxan-diabetic rats, respectively. However, MAE-F2 did not
have any significant effects on the oral sucrose tolerance of normoglycemic rats. In addition, preliminary
chemical screening of fraction MAE-F1 showed that it was composed of glycosides and flavonoids. In conclu-
sion, these results indicated that Morus alba L. extracts could improve oral sucrose tolerance in normal and
alloxan-diabetic rats, with the mechanism of action apparently being similar to acabose, which acts by inhi-
biting enzyme disaccaridase. The chemical composition of the active fraction comprised glycosides and fla-
vonoids.
Key words: Morus alba L., diabetes mellitus, postprandial hyperglycemia