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Journal of Thai Traditional & Alternative Medicine Vol. 5 No. 2 May - August 2007 Ò¯ı

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Abstract
Cultivation patterns and harvesting stage of Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino
†
‡
Charan Ditchaiwong*, Suthon Suwanbutr*, Theerayut Malathong , Thidarat Boonruad ,
§
Nitayaporn Tonmanee , Yenchit Techadamrongsin #
*Phichit Horticultural Research Center, Office of Agricultural Research and Development Region 2, Department of
‡
†
Agriculture, Mae Ho Phra Plantation, Mae Taeng District, Chiang Mai, Forest Industry Organization, Medicinal
§
Plant Research Institute, Department of Medicinal Sciences, Freelance Researcher in Agriculture and Environ-
#
ment, Southeast Asia Thai-Chinese Medicine Institute, Department for the Development of Thai Traditional and
Alternative Medicine
Panjakan or Jiaogulan or Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino is a medicinal herb that has gained
considerable interest among Thai people, as research has shown that it possesses various pharmacological
activities. This study was conducted to determine an appropriate pattern of cultivating and harvesting
G. pentaphyllum in order to obtain the highest yield and highest total saponin content. Cultivation pattern,
the staking or non-staking of G. pentaphyllum did not show any difference in the yield of G. pentaphyllum
cultivar Sibsongpunna No.1. However, harvesting times of two, three and four and a half months showed
differences in yield, and the differences were statistically significant. The weight of fresh G. pentaphyllum at
three periods of harvest ranged from 35 to 1,005 kg/rai. A harvesting period of 4.5 months showed the highest
yield at 1,005 kg/rai. The dry weight of G. pentaphyllum at three periods of harvest ranged from 19.5 to 176
kg/rai. A harvesting time of 4.5 months showed the highest yield, at 176 kg/rai. Analysis of total saponin
content showed that the staked herbs had a content of 11.44 g/100 g dry weight and non-staked herbs yielded
a content of 8.92 g/100 g dry weight. The difference was not statistically significant. Planting with stakes for
any period of harvesting yielded a higher total saponin contents than non-staked crops; however, the dif-
ferences were not statistically significant.
Key words: Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino, cultivation pattern, harvesting time, days to har-
vest, saponin