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J Thai Trad Alt Med Vol. 19 No. 2 May-Aug 2021 505

Table 3 The approximate 6 months (180 days) stability study of the 4% primary Clinacanthus nutans etha-
nolic extract cream (Formulation 1) compare to 4% secondary Clinacanthus nutans (Formulation 2)
ethanolic extract cream in ambient condition.

Stability study
Days Storage Formulation Appearance Viscosity Total flavonoid *b
condition (cps) (mg%)

0 ambient 1 dull greenish 52,000 ± 120 35.2 ± 1.1
nonhomogeneous cream.
2 bright greenish 98,000 ± 100 40.0 ± 0.9
homogenous cream
180 ambient 1 dark greenish 80 ± 3 Not detected
separated cream.
2 bright greenish 88,000 ± 90 35.5 ± 0.6
homogenous cream

*a: n = 3, x ± SD Instrument: Brookfield Viscometer Model DV2T: Ambient condition
*b: n = 3, x ± SD Instrument: Shimadzu UV/Visible Spectrophotometer Model 1900i: Ambient condition
Formulation 1 pH = 6.2 Formulation 2 pH = 6.5 (expectation cream pH 5-7)

planting for high pharmaceutical because the approximate 6-month (180 days) storage

of the increased accumulation of flavonoids in ambient condition.
and phenolic acids at this growth stage. This To resolve this problem, the Tween 20,

might be due to increased translocation of the 5 gm is added into the primary Clinacanthus
polyphenols into the buds from other parts of nutans ethanolic extract as the solubilizer to
the plant or biosynthetic enzyme activities . form the secondary homogenous Clinacanthus
[13]
The primary Clinacanthus nutans ethanolic nutans ethanolic extract. The secondary ho-
extract mainly comprises oil soluble resinous mogenous Clinacanthus nutans ethanolic ex-

compounds, translocated from the Clincanthus tract is now ready to dissolve in aqueous part
nutans fresh herb to the ethanolic extract- during the preparation of the cream; therefore,
ing solution. The sticky compounds will not the secondary Clinacanthus nutans ethanolic

dissolve in aqueous part during the prepa- extract cream (Formulation 2) become homog-
ration of the cream; therefore, the primary enous (see Figure 1) and the stability of the
Clinacanthus nutans ethanolic extract cream cream is much more stable than the primary

(Formulation 1) is not homogenous and finally Clinacanthus nutans ethanolic extract cream
become separated and loss its viscosity after (Formulation 1) (see Table 1)