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drugs capable of treating diseases and maintaining which is the largest prescription book in China, Com-
health. pendium of Materia Medica, written by Li Shizhen
Prescriptions for Diseases (25~88 A.D.), a manu- (1518~1593 A.D.) and Chi Shui Xuan Zhu (1584 A.D.),
script written on 92 pieces of bamboo containing in- written by Sun Yikui and others, have further en-

formation on medicine and pharmacology, records that riched apitherapy.
honey was the main ingredient in honey pills and an For a thousand years, bees and their products
instant herbal mixture for treating cough associated have been used in medical health care and regimens
with asthma. The Treatise on Cold-induced Febrile for hairdressing, and the method is currently being
Diseases, written by Zhang Zhongjing, a medical saint popularized throughout China. Traditional Tibetan
in the Han dynasty, documents Mi Jian Dao Fang, medicine uniquely uses the application of bee pro-
.
which is a kind of honey suppository to treat frail ducts. About 1,200 years ago, the elder Yu TuoYuan
patientsû constipation. Medical Treasures of the Dan Gongbu, a Tibetan expert, wrote Si Bu Yi Dian,
Golden Chamber, also written by Zhang Zhongjing, after amendment by Tibetan physicians. It was
is a prescription book on treatment for miscellaneous recompiled every dynasty; in the 11th century A.D.,
diseases. The book records that honey soup with li- the book was again recompiled and amended by his
.
quorice powder was used to treat stomach ache 14th offspring, the new Yu TuoYuan Dan Gongbu.
caused by bellyworms and regulate Qi with beeswax The book records drugs made of honey, yellow wax,
for treating diarrhea. It contains 262 prescriptions, hydromel, wild bees and bumblebees; it contains 100
about 20 of which are pills and 80 per cent of them prescriptions for treating diseases by eating honey or
are honey pills. From that time on for nearly 1,800 only using honey as a component.

years, honey pills have always kept this proportion. Dang Ha Ya Long, the Dai nationalityûs ancient
Prescription for Emergent Reference, written by medical book, is also a huge book on medicine and
Ge Hong in the Jin dynasty, Focuses of Shen Nongûs pharmacology. It records treating diseases by using
Herbal, written by Tao Hongjing (452~536 A.D.), Col- folk prescriptions: honey comb of Apis dorsata and
lection of Proved Recipes, written by Yao Sengyuan Apis florea, branchs of beehives and hives of the fos-
(499~583 A.D.), Treatise on Property of Drugs, written sorial wasp. Nie Su Nuo Qi, the Yi nationalityûs book
by Zhen Qian (541~643 A.D.), Supplement to Invalu- on medicine and pharmacology, narrates the medical

able Prescriptions and Supplement to Invaluable Pre- function of honey, honeycomb, and bees, as well as
scriptions for Ready Reference, written by Sun Simiao antidotes to poisoning caused by poisonous honey.
(581~682 A.D.), Treatise on Dietetic Therapy, written Zi Feng liquor, produced by an institute on national
by Meng Xi (621~713 A.D.), Chuan Xin Fang (841 A.D.), medicine and pharmacology in Simao, Yunnan Pro-
written by Liu Yuxi, and Taiping Royal Prescriptions vince, is used to treat rheumatic diseases and arthr-
(992 A.D.), compiled by the Official Institute of the opathy. It is the same as used by the Gao Shan
Imperial Physicians in the Song dynasty, are all an- nationalityûs compatriots in Taiwan; they use bees to
cient Chinese books, written over a thousand years make alcohol and treat diseases or maintain health.
ago. They have narrated the functions of bee pro-
Current Apitherapy Health Care
ducts in medicine, pharmacology, dietetic therapy,
the preservation of oneûs health and for anti-decrepi- In the 1950s, countries with developed techniques
tude. for bee keeping began to explore the use of bee venom,
Treatise on Food, written by Li Gao (1180~1251 royal jelly, and propolis. To develop traditional Chi-
A.D.), Prescriptions for Universal Relief (1406 A.D.), nese apitherapy, explore bee products and utilize them