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It should be noted that most of Ethics Committees are designed to preview the
protocol only; not for the continuing review until the study was finished..

In the last decade, there were a lot of efforts to improve human subjects
protections especially by improving ethical review. The formation of EFGCP is one.

In other regions, with the leadership of WHO TDR, Forum for Ethical Review Committees
in Asian and Pacific Region (FERCAP) was first officially formed in January 2000.
Subsequently Latin American Forum of Ethics Committee in Health (FLACEIS), PanAfrican

Bioethics Initiative (PABIN), Forum for Ethics Committees in the Confederation of
Independent States (FECCIS), and Forum for Institutional Review Boards/Ethical Review
Boards in Canada and the United States (FOCUS) were fon-ned and a 11 fora were o
rganized t o b e a global n etwork c alled t he S trategic Initiative for Developing Capacity
in Ethical Review (SIDCER). Although a lot of achievements have been made in improvement

of ethical review in many countries, a lot more works need to be done. To accomplish our
goal in human subjects protections, we might have to expand our stategics.

I would like to propose a case study from my experience for comparison. In
Thailand, in 1997 there was a big political reform. Our Constitution has been extensively
amended successfully without violence. The ne-vv Constitution is designed for four main
objectives:
First, to improve efficiency of the government.

Second, to set up many novel mechanisms for checking and balancing of power.
There are many new independent bodies, i.e.,

Ô The Constitutional Court
Ô The Administrative Courts
Ô The National Human Rights Council
Ô The Ombudsman
Ô The National Counter Corruption Commission

Ô The State Audit Commission
Ô The Election Commission