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Journal of Thai Traditional & Alternative Medicine Vol. 8 No. 2 May-August (Supplement) 2010 Ù˘

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Antimicrobial, antioxidant and Nitric oxide inhibitory activities of Thai plant

extracts for hemorrhoid treatment

1 2
Suchada Kittisrisopit , Arunporn Itharat
1
Student of Master Degree of Medical Sciences Program (Applied Thai Traditional Medicine)
Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University
2
Applied Thai Traditional Medicine Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Thailand.

Rationale: Hemorrhoid is a disease that occurs in the anus. Many Thai medicinal plants have been used
widely in Thai traditional medicine as an alternative treatment. Twenty-two plants in this study are used to

treat hemorrhoid according to folk doctor. This present work focuses on investigation antimicrobial, antioxidant
and nitric oxide inhibitory activities of plants for supporting using these plants in hemorrhoid preparation.
Objective: To screening and develop plants extracts for hemorrhoid treatment
Methodology: Twenty-two plants were purchased from the Thai Herb Pharmacy. Plant materials were

dried and powdered. The powder was macerated three times with 95% ethanol for 3 days each. The extracts
were concentrated under reduced pressure by rotary evaporator. The antimicrobial activities of all the plant
extracts were determined against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6633), Escheri-
chia coli (ATCC 25922) and Candida albicans (ATCC 90028). The disc diffusion assay (Kirby-Bauer Method) was

used to screen for all of samples. Minimal inhibitory concentration was determined. Antioxidant activity was
determined by DPPH assay. The murine macrophage cell line (Raw 264.7) was cultured in complete medium.
The cells were treated with LPS (10 μg/ml) and samples (3, 10, 30 and 100 μg/ml). The nitric oxide production
and cytotoxicity were also determined by using Griess reagent and MTT reagent, respectively.

Results: Terminalia chebula Retz gall was found to have good moderate antimicrobial activity against
microorganisms which gave low MIC values against S. aureus, B. subtilis and C. albicans with concentrations
of 281.25 μg/ml, 5 mg/ml and 1 mg/ml, respectively. T. chebula and Cinnamomum bejolghota (Buch.-Ham.)
Sweet showed highest %inhibition of antioxidant activity. The EC were 1.54±0.14 and 1.58±0.38 μg/ml re-
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spectively. Zingiber officinale Roscoe. is the best extract for inhibitory effect on NO production activity. The
highest inhibition showed 92.9±2.5 μg/ml (IC 21.2±1.8 μg/ml) and had no cytotoxicity.
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Conclusion: The result showed some plants in this study should be developed to treat or relieve pain from
inflammation and to exert antimicrobial activity for wounds from hemorrhoid.