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Abstract
Chemical Quality of Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit. Aqueous Extract
Apirak Sakpetch, Prapai Wongsinkongman, Atita Pannanusorn, Jaree Bansiddhi, Prathom
Thongsrirak, Nongnuch Maneechai
Medicinal Plant Research Institute, Department of Medical Sciences, Ministry of Public Health,
Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand
Corresponding author: prapai.w@dmsc.mail.go.th
Maeng-lak-kha or wild spikenard Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit. in the Lamiaceae (Labiatae)
family] is a seasonal herb of up to 30-150 cm in height growing in open space and deserted road-
side areas in every region of Thailand. According to Thai indigenous medicine, the whole plant is
used as an antispasmodic poultice; its leaves and shoot tops are used as antiepileptic and anti-
rheumatic agents, while its roots are used for excreting menstruation or for chewing to eliminate
the mouth odor. The plant has been reportedly used as carminative, antibacterial, diaphoretic
and lactogogue medicines. The pharmacological activities of the plant’s aqueous extract have
been reported as immune stimulant, antibacterial against Salmonella, and antiviral against flu
virus and HIV. Since there has been no chemical study on such an aqueous extract, it is worth-
while to study the quality control of the aqueous extract to further develop as herbal health
products. Two types of aqueous extract were prepared from 15 herb samples collected from natu-
ral areas using the freeze-drying and spray-drying methods. Both types of extract were studied
for their chemical identification and quality evaluation using extractive values, moisture content,
and pH values. The chemical qualities of both freeze-dried and spray-dried extracts were shown
as follows: the percentages of water-soluble extractive, 95% ethanol-soluble extractive, and mois-
ture content were 87.82±± ±± ±1.75, 88.15±± ±± ±2.52; 18.64±± ±± ±4.58, 27.97±± ±± ±8.90; 7.86±± ±± ±1.79, 6.47±± ±± ±1.35 %w/w,
respectively, while the pH values of the extracts in the 1.0%w/v solution in water were 5.60±± ±± ±0.33
and 5.55±± ±± ±0.27, respectively. Additionally, the TLC chromatograms of both extracts showed the
compounds corresponding to 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)lactic acid, rosmarinic acid and caffeic acid
standards. The results are useful for chemical quality control of maeng-lak-kha aqueous extracts.
Keywords: Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit., maeng-lak-kha, aqueous extract, chemical quality