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Session 1: Traditional medicine knowledge: protection and knowledge management
Community Based Exploration of Local Ethnomedicine Know-
ledge and Medicinal Plants in Indonesia
Yuli Widiyastuti, Slamet Wahyono, Rohmat Mujahid, Dyah Subositi
Medicinal Plant and Traditional Medicine Research and Development Centre,
National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health of Republic of Indonesia
Jl. Raya Lawu, 11, Tawangmangu, Surakarta, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia
Corresponding author: risto.b2p2to2t@gmail.com
Community Based Exploration of Local Ethnomedicine Knowledge and Medicinal Plants
in Indonesia, hereinafter referred to RISTOJA, is a mapping study of traditional knowledge in
the use of plant-based medicines by ethnic or tribes conducted by the National Institute of
Health Research and Development in 2012. The research was carried out to address the needs
of information related to the data of traditional medicinal plants and herbs used by every
ethnicity in Indonesia. RISTOJA aims to establish ethnomedicine knowledge databases, tradi-
tional medicine (TM) and medicinal plants (MP) in Indonesia. Data collected include: cha-
racteristics of traditional healers, symptoms and diseases, plant species, plant use in medi-
cine, part of the plant used, herbs, how to prepare and how to utilize for treatment, local
wisdom in the management and utilization of the medicinal plants and the data of the environ-
ment. RISTOJA I, year 1 (2012) was implemented in 26 provinces across Indonesia except the
island of Java and Bali, in collaboration with 25 universities.
The number of informants (traditional healers) who were interviewed were 1,324 people,
of which 95.2% live in rural areas; 41.9% more than 61 years old; 18.3% had no formal education
and 55.8% do not meet the 9-year basic education program. Seeing this trend appears that
traditional healersû knowledge is still ORIGINAL who handed down from generations, little
affected by external knowledge, this is supported by a resource in a rural residence with
limited access and information.
There are 15,773 herbs information, dominated symptoms/diseases that are associated
with health behavior, such as fever, headache, sore skin and abdominal pain, are also symp-
toms/diseases associated with metabolic or degenerative diseases such as cancer/tumor and
high blood pressure. There are also herbs for malaria as much as 486 potions, 75 potions for
tuberculosis and 13 herbs for HIV/AIDS.
Plants that are used in the treatment amounted to 19,738 information, of which 13,576
were identified to species level comprising of 1,740 species/types and 211 plant families.
Medicinal plants are often used, among others, Curcuma domestica Val. or commonly known
as turmeric that is most widely used in 191 ethnic, followed by Piper betle L., Cocos nucifera
L. and Zingiber officinale Roscoe and Jatropa curcas L.
Key words: community base, exploration, ethnomedicine, medicinal plants